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#----------------------------------------------------------------- # pycparser: cdecl.py # # Example of the CDECL tool using pycparser. CDECL "explains" C type # declarations in plain English. # # The AST generated by pycparser from the given declaration is traversed # recursively to build the explanation. Note that the declaration must be a # valid external declaration in C. All the types used in it must be defined with # typedef, or parsing will fail. The definition can be arbitrary - pycparser # doesn't really care what the type is defined to be, only that it's a type. # # For example: # # 'typedef int Node; const Node* (*ar)[10];' # => # ar is a pointer to array[10] of pointer to const Node # # Copyright (C) 2008-2015, Eli Bendersky # License: BSD #----------------------------------------------------------------- import sys from pycparser import c_parser, c_ast def explain_c_declaration(c_decl): """ Parses the declaration in c_decl and returns a text explanation as a string. The last external node of the string is used, to allow earlier typedefs for used types. """ parser = c_parser.CParser() try: node = parser.parse(c_decl, filename='<stdin>') except c_parser.ParseError: e = sys.exc_info()[1] return "Parse error:" + str(e) if (not isinstance(node, c_ast.FileAST) or not isinstance(node.ext[-1], c_ast.Decl) ): return "Not a valid declaration" return _explain_decl_node(node.ext[-1]) def _explain_decl_node(decl_node): """ Receives a c_ast.Decl note and returns its explanation in English. """ storage = ' '.join(decl_node.storage) + ' ' if decl_node.storage else '' return (decl_node.name + " is a " + storage + _explain_type(decl_node.type)) def _explain_type(decl): """ Recursively explains a type decl node """ typ = type(decl) if typ == c_ast.TypeDecl: quals = ' '.join(decl.quals) + ' ' if decl.quals else '' return quals + _explain_type(decl.type) elif typ == c_ast.Typename or typ == c_ast.Decl: return _explain_type(decl.type) elif typ == c_ast.IdentifierType: return ' '.join(decl.names) elif typ == c_ast.PtrDecl: quals = ' '.join(decl.quals) + ' ' if decl.quals else '' return quals + 'pointer to ' + _explain_type(decl.type) elif typ == c_ast.ArrayDecl: arr = 'array' if decl.dim: arr += '[%s]' % decl.dim.value return arr + " of " + _explain_type(decl.type) elif typ == c_ast.FuncDecl: if decl.args: params = [_explain_type(param) for param in decl.args.params] args = ', '.join(params) else: args = '' return ('function(%s) returning ' % (args) + _explain_type(decl.type)) if __name__ == "__main__": if len(sys.argv) > 1: c_decl = sys.argv[1] else: c_decl = "char *(*(**foo[][8])())[];" print("Explaining the declaration: " + c_decl + "\n") print(explain_c_declaration(c_decl) + "\n")
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